[译文]象牙喙啄木鸟真的复活了么？

vivian · 发表于 2006-4-10 20:58:21

<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/16/science/16cnd-bird.html?ex=1300165200&en=0a8ab12eb506a92e&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss">http://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/16/science/16cnd-bird.html?ex=1300165200&en=0a8ab12eb506a92e&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss</a><span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">象牙喙啄木鸟真的复活了么？纽约时代，科学版<div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">作者：JAMES GORMAN</div>

vivian · 发表于 2006-4-10 21:02:09

<div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">你可曾听说过象牙喙啄木鸟？它可不是一种寻常的鸟。它曾经被宣称灭绝了，然后又在阿肯色州的沼泽地里被重新发现了，同时出现的还有一些异议和联邦政府为保护它而投下的大笔银子。<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"><shapetype id="_x0000_t75" stroked="f" filled="f" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" opreferrelative="t" ospt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"> <shapetype id="_x0000_t75" stroked="f" filled="f" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" opreferrelative="t" ospt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">大概象牙喙啄木鸟可以算得上是世界上最有名的鸟了。大卫<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">.A. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">西伯利，曾著有堪称是鸟类鉴别圣经的书《西伯利鸟类指南》<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">译者注<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">1]<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的大卫<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">.A. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">西伯利，声称象牙喙啄木鸟的故事实在让人难以置信。</shapetype></shapetype><shapetype id="_x0000_t75" stroked="f" filled="f" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" opreferrelative="t" ospt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><shapetype id="_x0000_t75" stroked="f" filled="f" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" opreferrelative="t" ospt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">西伯利先生，一位细言软语且处世低调的作家和鸟类绘画家，指出，刊登在星期五的科学杂志上的文章里的证据只是一段模糊不清的录影带，不足以证明象牙喙啄木鸟的存在。他和他的三个合作者写到，从录影带的影像判断几乎可以确定那不过是一只普通的北美黑啄木鸟[译者注2]，到目前为止还没有确切的证据可以说明象牙喙啄木鸟成功地逃脱了灭绝的命运。<div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">这段著名的录影带是由小石城的阿肯色州立大学的工程学教授M. David Luneau Jr.于2004年4月25号拍摄的鸟类学柴普德影片[译者注3]，他参加了由科内尔鸟类学研究室（Cornell Lab）所领导的一项研究项目，其目的是在两名严谨的观鸟者报告在他们的独木舟前方发现了象牙喙啄木鸟之后收集更多的相关证据。<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和目击证据一道，这段录影带成为<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">2005<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年春季报纸上的中心话题，让环境保护论者和观鸟人的欢欣雀跃并敦促联邦政府拨出一千万美元的专项基金用以象牙喙啄木鸟的保护工作。<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">外表高贵的象牙喙啄木鸟是北美体形最大的啄木鸟，在最近被重新发现之前的最后一次目击纪录是在1944年，它的灭绝曾经是那么一个惨痛的例子，因而它的失而复得也尤其让人兴奋，观鸟者和公众又重新满怀希望。<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"><div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">西伯利先生说他也不愿意讨人嫌，可是他认为这是一次错误的辨认，他有义务更正，因为环境保护从来都是建立在科学的基础上的。<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"><div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">John W. Fitzpatrick博士，科内尔鸟类学研究室的负责人(<a href="http://www.birds.cornell.edu/ivory" target="_">www.birds.cornell.edu/ivory</a>)，声称他也同意科学的研究态度，然而他仍然坚持那段录影带清楚地表明里面的鸟就是象牙喙啄木鸟。他和他的同事可以反驳那一期科学杂志中的指责。尽管反对意见措辞谨慎，小心论证，它还有具有“技术上的错误”，在一次发布会上，他补充到，“他们对于这种鸟是怎样飞翔的描述是错误的。”<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"><div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">“确实，他们声称那段录影带并不是绝对权威的。”Fitzpatrick博士说，“也许录影带病不能证明一切。如果有人说我并不知道那是什么，那就大错特错了。”<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"><div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">他又说，众多的目击证据，录音和录影带足以表明在2004年冬季，至少有一只象牙喙啄木鸟生活在凯奇河国家野生保护区（the Cache River National Wildlife Refuge）。<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"><div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">这个争论是一次典型的科学讨论，如果争论的对象不是这样具有传奇色彩的生物，如果观鸟者不是这样执著于正确的辨认，如果没有这样一大笔联邦政府的拨款牵涉其中，其前因后果也就没有多少人会留意了。</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></shapetype></shapetype></div>

vivian · 发表于 2006-4-10 21:02:09

<div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">科内尔研究室在阿肯色州进行接近两年的大规模搜索之后，发表了相关的论文。当网络上的观鸟者和鸟类学家刚刚提出异议时，这一发现在公众中引起了极大的轰动效应。事实上，最先对此提出报告的三个人，Eugene Sparling， Bobby Harrison 和 Tim Gallagher，即将于星期六被纽约的发现者俱乐部（the Explorers Club）表彰其突出表现。<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"> <div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">缅因州科尔比学院的西伯利先生和Louis R. Bevier，俄克拉荷马州立大学的Michael A. Patten，康涅狄格大学的Chris S. Elphick合写的这篇文章反映了他们对此发现的保留态度，他们坚持—脱离了确切的证据，论及存在与否都是空谈。<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"> <div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">在持反对意见的人群中，还有一位肯恩考夫曼Kenn Kaufman，《北美鸟类》（Birds of North America）及一系列自然科学书籍的作者。他说，他从最初的怀疑已经转变为确信那就是一只北美黑啄木鸟，“我宁愿相信Gallagher和Harrison不过是搞错了，他们无意欺骗，只不过后来的误会接踵而来。”<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"> <div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">反对意见的细节问题十分明确，即在录影带上所见的白色斑块到底是出现在象牙喙啄木鸟翅膀的上部的斑块还是出现在北美黑啄木鸟翅膀下部的斑块。象牙喙啄木鸟地体形较大，接近21英寸长，而北美黑啄木鸟至多也只有19英寸。<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"> <div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">西伯利先生和他的合作作者及Kaufman先生还有其他的持批评意见者一道，指出据称观察到象牙喙啄木鸟的这些人好像是恍惚间看到北美黑啄木鸟下部的斑块，当然也不能这就是无懈可击的辩驳，但是，至少声称发现了象牙喙啄木鸟还为时过早。<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"> <div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">科内尔研究室的人在同一期的杂志中提出反驳理由。其中有Fitzpatrick博士，科内尔研究室和阿姆斯特丹大学的Martjan Lammertink，科内尔研究室的Kenneth Rosenberg，还有Luneau先生，指出观察者是看到啄木鸟飞走时观测到背部的白色斑块的，从而作为目击到象牙喙啄木鸟的有力证据。<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"> <div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">其他没有在文中涉及的鸟类学家的意见也是多种多样的。<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"> <div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">Jeffrey R. Walters，弗吉尼亚理工大学的啄木鸟专家，在最初的报告发表之前进行审查的科学家之一，说，用录影带证明象牙喙啄木鸟的存在本身不错，然而“坦率地说，这并不是权威的证据。”<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">塔夫斯大学的<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">J. Michael Reed<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，没有提出批评意见，他同时还是<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Elphick<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">博士的朋友，他说，在最初看到科学杂志上发表的论文时，他也为此激动不已。在最近一段时间里，他又发表了如下言论，“他们提供证据的责任是为了论证那确实是一只象牙喙啄木鸟，然而我并不认为他们做到了这一点。”<p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">当然，所有人都希望--这种神奇的鸟即使没有被记录下来，也确实存在在那片沼泽地中。Kaufman先生说得好，“如果明天有人能够拿出清晰版的录影带，让我上大街跳舞我也甘愿。”</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>

[此贴子已经被作者于2006-4-10 13:05:05编辑过]

vivian · 发表于 2006-4-10 21:07:19

<div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; LINE-HEIGHT: 15.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">[译者注1] 作者：大卫·西伯利（David Allen Sibley），出版：诺普夫 （Knopf）出版社，2000年10月首版，544页，35美元。 </div><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">大卫<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">·<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">西伯利是大名鼎鼎的鸟类学家弗雷德<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">·<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">西伯利的儿子，子承父业，并且另有所长。从<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">1969<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年开始，在家庭的熏陶下，七岁的他便开始观察和描画鸟类，<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">30<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年来不曾间断，结果成为 <div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; LINE-HEIGHT: 15.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">在世的全美最重要的鸟类鉴别专家。西伯利自1980年起便不断在北美大陆旅行，观鸟，画鸟。职业观鸟家的身份，使他不得不隔几年就搬一次家，我们来看一下他长住过的地方：加州，亚利桑那，德克萨斯，佛罗里达，佐治亚，纽约，康涅狄格，新泽西，现在安家麻省的康科德。 <span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">西伯利所做的，正是我们很多人梦想却无力去实现的职业：简朴，单纯，与世无争。他不仅耐得住寂寞，更明白在摄影机时代手工绘制和长达数年对一种鸟类亲身观察的价值所在。全书配图<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">6600<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">幅，均以水彩手工绘成，内容涵盖北美地区的<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">810<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">种鸟类。有书评家说这本《鸟类指南》真正是<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">“<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">不朽的伟业<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">”<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，是自罗杰<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">·<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">彼得森的《野生鸟类指南（<span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">RogerToryPe?terson’sFieldGuidetotheBirds<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">）以后最新版的鸟类《圣经》。<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </div>

[此贴子已经被作者于2006-4-10 13:07:53编辑过]

vivian · 发表于 2006-4-10 21:10:26

<div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; LINE-HEIGHT: 15.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">[译者注2] 北美黑啄木鸟 pileated woodpecker(Dryocopus pileatus)<p style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; LINE-HEIGHT: 15.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"><span lang="FR" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><shapetype id="_x0000_t75" stroked="f" filled="f" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" opreferrelative="t" ospt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"> 不好意思，照片贴不上去，感兴趣的可以用 pileated woodpecker google 一下，或者那位高手代贴一张。</shapetype></div>

vivian · 发表于 2006-4-10 21:10:55

<div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; LINE-HEIGHT: 15.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">[译者注3] Zapruder影片，一般译作柴普德影片，发明者Luis W. Alvarez曾因“通过开发利用氢泡室技术和数据分析对基本粒子物理做出决定性贡献”获1968年诺贝尔物理奖。在他"消遣的时间"里，他利用宇宙线寻找埃及金字塔中隐藏的室，发明室内高尔夫球训练设备和分析暗杀肯尼迪总统的著名Zapruder影片，确定实际上发射了几粒子弹。这是一部26秒、8毫米的“家庭电影”。</div>

vivian · 发表于 2006-4-10 21:12:47

<div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; LINE-HEIGHT: 15.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">网上相关链接<div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 0.75pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 11pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;"><p style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; LINE-HEIGHT: 15.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;"><a href="http://www.ebiotrade.com/newsf/2005-7/200572695433.htm">http://www.ebiotrade.com/newsf/2005-7/200572695433.htm</a><p style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; LINE-HEIGHT: 15.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 11.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;">还有些本文中没有提到的细节问题。</div></div>

原生态 · 发表于 2006-4-10 23:06:46

学习了Adult male <a href="http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/id/framlst/photo_htm/Images/h4050pi.jpg" target="ACCOUNT"><img alt="Image" src="http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/id/framlst/photo_htm/Images/h4050pi.gif" border="0"/></a> Adult male <a href="http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/id/framlst/photo_htm/Images/h4050p2.jpg" target="ACCOUNT"><img alt="Image" src="http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/id/framlst/photo_htm/Images/h4050p2.gif" border="0"/></a> <a href="javascript:popImage('graphics/pileatwoodpecker1.jpg','Pileated%20Woodpecker')"><img height="221" alt="

ileated Woodpecker" src="http://www.nhptv.org/Natureworks/graphics/pileatwoodpecker1sm.jpg" width="300" border="0"/></a> Click on the images for a larger view. Listen to the <a href="http://www.nhptv.org/Natureworks/sounds/pileatedwood.wav">

ileated Woodpecker</a>. [em23]

原生态 · 发表于 2006-4-10 23:08:37

<table width="800" border="1"><tbody><tr><td><a href="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08556-041202crop.jpg"><img height="176" src="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08556-041202cropTNAIL.jpg" width="200" border="0" alt=""/></a></td><td><a href="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08292WEB.jpg"><img height="150" src="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08292WEBTNAIL.jpg" width="200" border="0" alt=""/></a></td><td><a href="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08297WEB.jpg"><img height="150" src="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08297WEBTNAIL.jpg" width="200" border="0" alt=""/></a></td><td><a href="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08288WEB.jpg"><img height="150" src="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08288WEBTNAIL.jpg" width="200" border="0" alt=""/></a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td colspan="3"><div align="center">I never really believed I'd see a Pileated at my window feeder...</div></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08554-041202.jpg"><img height="209" src="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08554-041202TNAIL.jpg" width="200" border="0" alt=""/></a></td><td><a href="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08555-041202.jpg"><img height="267" src="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08555-041202TNAIL.jpg" width="200" border="0" alt=""/></a></td><td><a href="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08556-041202.jpg"><img height="294" src="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08556-041202TNAIL.jpg" width="200" border="0" alt=""/></a></td><td><a href="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08557-041202.jpg"><img height="282" src="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08557-041202TNAIL.jpg" width="200" border="0" alt=""/></a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08557-041202crop.jpg"><img height="211" src="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08557-041202cropTNAIL.jpg" width="200" border="0" alt=""/></a></td><td><a href="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08569-041202.jpg"><img height="224" src="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08569-041202TNAIL.jpg" width="200" border="0" alt=""/></a></td><td><a href="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08567-041202.jpg"><img height="222" src="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08567-041202TNAIL.jpg" width="200" border="0" alt=""/></a></td><td><a href="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08568-041202.jpg"><img height="203" src="http://www.lauraerickson.com/graphics/Birds/Pileated/DSC08568-041202TNAIL.jpg" width="200" border="0" alt=""/></a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td colspan="3"><div align="center">See the snowflakes on his head?</div></td></tr></tbody></table>真的好大啊，野外看到肯定很令人兴奋[em01][em01]

紫啸鸫 · 发表于 2006-4-12 16:47:29

这是严谨的观鸟者作风，值得学习。有理有据，这样的讨论是相当有益的。

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